Precipitation 3D printing of all-aramid materials for high-strength, heat-resistant applications
Additive manufacturing (AM) of lightweight, high-performance engineering polymers is an important research focus in the automotive, electronics and aerospace industries. Aramid material is a highly crystalline polymer in the form of fibers with superior mechanical and thermal properties than most hi...
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| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Materials & Design |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264127524009225 |
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| author | Ruowen Tu Hyun Chan Kim Henry A. Sodano |
| author_facet | Ruowen Tu Hyun Chan Kim Henry A. Sodano |
| author_sort | Ruowen Tu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Additive manufacturing (AM) of lightweight, high-performance engineering polymers is an important research focus in the automotive, electronics and aerospace industries. Aramid material is a highly crystalline polymer in the form of fibers with superior mechanical and thermal properties than most high-performance thermoplastics used in AM. However, manufacturing all-aramid 3D structures has been challenging due to the processing difficulty of aramid. In this work, AM of all-aramid 3D structures is achieved by two approaches: simultaneous protonation and precipitation printing of aramid nanofiber (ANF) colloids, and precipitation printing of aramid/sulfuric acid liquid crystalline solutions. After comparison, the ANF approach proves superior to the sulfuric acid method, offering enhanced printability, greater mechanical strength in the printed parts, and improved capability for microstructure customization. Specifically, the dense all-aramid structures produced through the ANF approach exhibit exceptional mechanical properties, with a Young’s modulus of 7.2 GPa and a tensile strength of 146.6 MPa, outperforming other unfilled, high-performance polymers manufactured through AM. These structures are also capable of withstanding extreme environments, including temperatures up to 350 °C. Therefore, high-performance all-aramid 3D structures can be realized via ANF-based precipitation 3D printing, which can be used as lightweight structural or heat protection parts in aircraft and automotive systems. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-097ff2fab9224363873fbbb4ac6a48ec |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 0264-1275 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials & Design |
| spelling | doaj-art-097ff2fab9224363873fbbb4ac6a48ec2025-01-09T06:12:22ZengElsevierMaterials & Design0264-12752025-01-01249113547Precipitation 3D printing of all-aramid materials for high-strength, heat-resistant applicationsRuowen Tu0Hyun Chan Kim1Henry A. Sodano2Department of Aerospace Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Bioinspired Soft Robotics Laboratory, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova 16163, ItalyDepartment of Mechanical System Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi, Gyeongbuk 39177, Republic of Korea; Corresponding author.Department of Aerospace Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USAAdditive manufacturing (AM) of lightweight, high-performance engineering polymers is an important research focus in the automotive, electronics and aerospace industries. Aramid material is a highly crystalline polymer in the form of fibers with superior mechanical and thermal properties than most high-performance thermoplastics used in AM. However, manufacturing all-aramid 3D structures has been challenging due to the processing difficulty of aramid. In this work, AM of all-aramid 3D structures is achieved by two approaches: simultaneous protonation and precipitation printing of aramid nanofiber (ANF) colloids, and precipitation printing of aramid/sulfuric acid liquid crystalline solutions. After comparison, the ANF approach proves superior to the sulfuric acid method, offering enhanced printability, greater mechanical strength in the printed parts, and improved capability for microstructure customization. Specifically, the dense all-aramid structures produced through the ANF approach exhibit exceptional mechanical properties, with a Young’s modulus of 7.2 GPa and a tensile strength of 146.6 MPa, outperforming other unfilled, high-performance polymers manufactured through AM. These structures are also capable of withstanding extreme environments, including temperatures up to 350 °C. Therefore, high-performance all-aramid 3D structures can be realized via ANF-based precipitation 3D printing, which can be used as lightweight structural or heat protection parts in aircraft and automotive systems.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264127524009225Aramid nanofiberSelf-assemblyAdditive manufacturingPrecipitation printingHigh-temperature |
| spellingShingle | Ruowen Tu Hyun Chan Kim Henry A. Sodano Precipitation 3D printing of all-aramid materials for high-strength, heat-resistant applications Materials & Design Aramid nanofiber Self-assembly Additive manufacturing Precipitation printing High-temperature |
| title | Precipitation 3D printing of all-aramid materials for high-strength, heat-resistant applications |
| title_full | Precipitation 3D printing of all-aramid materials for high-strength, heat-resistant applications |
| title_fullStr | Precipitation 3D printing of all-aramid materials for high-strength, heat-resistant applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Precipitation 3D printing of all-aramid materials for high-strength, heat-resistant applications |
| title_short | Precipitation 3D printing of all-aramid materials for high-strength, heat-resistant applications |
| title_sort | precipitation 3d printing of all aramid materials for high strength heat resistant applications |
| topic | Aramid nanofiber Self-assembly Additive manufacturing Precipitation printing High-temperature |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264127524009225 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ruowentu precipitation3dprintingofallaramidmaterialsforhighstrengthheatresistantapplications AT hyunchankim precipitation3dprintingofallaramidmaterialsforhighstrengthheatresistantapplications AT henryasodano precipitation3dprintingofallaramidmaterialsforhighstrengthheatresistantapplications |