Phenotypic and Allelic Frequencies of ABO and Rh(D) Blood Antigens in Ghana: A Systematic Review
ABSTRACT Background ABO and Rh blood group systems are the most significant blood group systems recognized by the International Society of Blood Transfusion and are widely used for clinical and anthropological purposes. This systematic review determined the distribution and allelic frequency of ABO...
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Wiley
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Immunity, Inflammation and Disease |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/iid3.70112 |
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| author | Charles Nkansah Felix Osei‐Boakye Samuel K. Appiah Gabriel Abbam Moses Banyeh Samira Daud Richard V. Duneeh Simon B. Bani Boniface N. Ukwah Charles A. Derigubah Victor U. Usanga Emmanuel Appiah‐Kubi Ejike F. Chukwurah |
| author_facet | Charles Nkansah Felix Osei‐Boakye Samuel K. Appiah Gabriel Abbam Moses Banyeh Samira Daud Richard V. Duneeh Simon B. Bani Boniface N. Ukwah Charles A. Derigubah Victor U. Usanga Emmanuel Appiah‐Kubi Ejike F. Chukwurah |
| author_sort | Charles Nkansah |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACT Background ABO and Rh blood group systems are the most significant blood group systems recognized by the International Society of Blood Transfusion and are widely used for clinical and anthropological purposes. This systematic review determined the distribution and allelic frequency of ABO and Rh(D) antigens in Ghana. Methods Literature searches were performed in PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect, up to February 20, 2024, and included studies published from 2000 to 2024 in all regions of Ghana. The search terms used to retrieve the preferred literature were “Blood Group/Antigen” and “ABO and Rh(D)” and “Distribution/Frequency/Prevalence,” coupled with the names of the different regions/districts/municipalities in Ghana. Similar blood group individuals from all the regions were added, and countrywide data were gathered. The Hardy−Weinberg model was used to estimate the allelic frequency of blood antigens. Results Blood group O (54.72%) was the predominant group in the Ghanaian population, followed by B (21.74%), A (19.65%), and AB (3.89%). Rh(D) antigen was present in 92.28% of the population, and only 7.72% were Rh(D) negative. The calculated allelic frequencies of A, B, O, Rh(D) positive, and Rh(D) negative were 0.1227, 0.1376, 0.7397, 0.7222, and 0.2778 for IA(p), IB(q), i(r), ID(v), and Id(u), respectively. Conclusion The phenotypic frequency of the ABO blood group occurred in the pattern O>B>A>AB, and the prevalence of the Rh(D) negative blood group was 7.72% in Ghana. Future nationwide studies are recommended to assess the distribution of ABO, Rh, and other blood group systems. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-08df07c98f854a63b9b9f6ddeea70043 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2050-4527 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
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| series | Immunity, Inflammation and Disease |
| spelling | doaj-art-08df07c98f854a63b9b9f6ddeea700432024-12-26T14:35:29ZengWileyImmunity, Inflammation and Disease2050-45272024-12-011212n/an/a10.1002/iid3.70112Phenotypic and Allelic Frequencies of ABO and Rh(D) Blood Antigens in Ghana: A Systematic ReviewCharles Nkansah0Felix Osei‐Boakye1Samuel K. Appiah2Gabriel Abbam3Moses Banyeh4Samira Daud5Richard V. Duneeh6Simon B. Bani7Boniface N. Ukwah8Charles A. Derigubah9Victor U. Usanga10Emmanuel Appiah‐Kubi11Ejike F. Chukwurah12Department of Haematology School of Allied Health Sciences University for Development Studies Tamale GhanaDepartment of Medical Laboratory Science Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology Ebonyi State University Abakaliki NigeriaDepartment of Haematology School of Allied Health Sciences University for Development Studies Tamale GhanaDepartment of Haematology School of Allied Health Sciences University for Development Studies Tamale GhanaDepartment of Biomedical Laboratory Sciences School of Allied Health Sciences University for Development Studies Tamale GhanaDepartment of Haematology School of Allied Health Sciences University for Development Studies Tamale GhanaDepartment of Medical Laboratory Science School of Allied Health Sciences University of Health and Allied Sciences Ho GhanaDepartment of Biomedical Laboratory Sciences School of Allied Health Sciences University for Development Studies Tamale GhanaDepartment of Medical Laboratory Science Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology Ebonyi State University Abakaliki NigeriaDepartment of Medical Laboratory Science Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology Ebonyi State University Abakaliki NigeriaDepartment of Medical Laboratory Science Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology Ebonyi State University Abakaliki NigeriaDepartment of Biomedical Laboratory Sciences School of Allied Health Sciences University for Development Studies Tamale GhanaDepartment of Medical Laboratory Science Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology Ebonyi State University Abakaliki NigeriaABSTRACT Background ABO and Rh blood group systems are the most significant blood group systems recognized by the International Society of Blood Transfusion and are widely used for clinical and anthropological purposes. This systematic review determined the distribution and allelic frequency of ABO and Rh(D) antigens in Ghana. Methods Literature searches were performed in PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect, up to February 20, 2024, and included studies published from 2000 to 2024 in all regions of Ghana. The search terms used to retrieve the preferred literature were “Blood Group/Antigen” and “ABO and Rh(D)” and “Distribution/Frequency/Prevalence,” coupled with the names of the different regions/districts/municipalities in Ghana. Similar blood group individuals from all the regions were added, and countrywide data were gathered. The Hardy−Weinberg model was used to estimate the allelic frequency of blood antigens. Results Blood group O (54.72%) was the predominant group in the Ghanaian population, followed by B (21.74%), A (19.65%), and AB (3.89%). Rh(D) antigen was present in 92.28% of the population, and only 7.72% were Rh(D) negative. The calculated allelic frequencies of A, B, O, Rh(D) positive, and Rh(D) negative were 0.1227, 0.1376, 0.7397, 0.7222, and 0.2778 for IA(p), IB(q), i(r), ID(v), and Id(u), respectively. Conclusion The phenotypic frequency of the ABO blood group occurred in the pattern O>B>A>AB, and the prevalence of the Rh(D) negative blood group was 7.72% in Ghana. Future nationwide studies are recommended to assess the distribution of ABO, Rh, and other blood group systems.https://doi.org/10.1002/iid3.70112ABO blood groupallelic frequencyGhanaian populationRh(D) blood group |
| spellingShingle | Charles Nkansah Felix Osei‐Boakye Samuel K. Appiah Gabriel Abbam Moses Banyeh Samira Daud Richard V. Duneeh Simon B. Bani Boniface N. Ukwah Charles A. Derigubah Victor U. Usanga Emmanuel Appiah‐Kubi Ejike F. Chukwurah Phenotypic and Allelic Frequencies of ABO and Rh(D) Blood Antigens in Ghana: A Systematic Review Immunity, Inflammation and Disease ABO blood group allelic frequency Ghanaian population Rh(D) blood group |
| title | Phenotypic and Allelic Frequencies of ABO and Rh(D) Blood Antigens in Ghana: A Systematic Review |
| title_full | Phenotypic and Allelic Frequencies of ABO and Rh(D) Blood Antigens in Ghana: A Systematic Review |
| title_fullStr | Phenotypic and Allelic Frequencies of ABO and Rh(D) Blood Antigens in Ghana: A Systematic Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Phenotypic and Allelic Frequencies of ABO and Rh(D) Blood Antigens in Ghana: A Systematic Review |
| title_short | Phenotypic and Allelic Frequencies of ABO and Rh(D) Blood Antigens in Ghana: A Systematic Review |
| title_sort | phenotypic and allelic frequencies of abo and rh d blood antigens in ghana a systematic review |
| topic | ABO blood group allelic frequency Ghanaian population Rh(D) blood group |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/iid3.70112 |
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