Subnational mapping of anaemia and aetiologic factors in the West and Central African region
Abstract Objectives: Despite bold commitments to reduce anaemia, little change in prevalence was observed over the past decade. We aimed to generate subnational maps of anaemia among women of reproductive age (WRA), malaria transmission and hemoglobinopathies to identify priority areas but also ex...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Cambridge University Press
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Public Health Nutrition |
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| Online Access: | https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S1368980024002222/type/journal_article |
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| author | Kaleab Baye Bayuh Asmamaw Hailu Simeon Nanama John Ntambi Arnaud Laillou |
| author_facet | Kaleab Baye Bayuh Asmamaw Hailu Simeon Nanama John Ntambi Arnaud Laillou |
| author_sort | Kaleab Baye |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description |
Abstract
Objectives:
Despite bold commitments to reduce anaemia, little change in prevalence was observed over the past decade. We aimed to generate subnational maps of anaemia among women of reproductive age (WRA), malaria transmission and hemoglobinopathies to identify priority areas but also explore their geographical overlap.
Design:
Using the most recent Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS), we first mapped anaemia clusters across sub-Saharan Africa and identified the West and Central Africa (WCA) as a major cluster. Geographic clusters with high anaemia and related aetiologic factors were identified using spatial statistics. Multilevel regression models were run to identify factors associated with any, moderate and severe anaemia.
Settings:
West and Central African countries (n 17).
Participants:
WRA (n 112 024) residing in seventeen WCA countries.
Results:
There was a significant overlap in geographical clusters of anaemia, malaria and hemoglobinopathies, particularly in the coastal areas of the WCA region. Low birth interval (0·86 (0·77, 0·97)), number of childbirth (1·12 (1·02, 1·23)) and being in the 15–19 age range (1·47 (1·09, 1·98)) were associated with increased odds of any anaemia. Unimproved toilet facility and open defecation were associated with any anaemia, whereas the use of unclean cooking fuel was associated with moderate/severe anaemia (P < 0·05). Access to healthcare facility, living in malaria-prone areas and hemoglobinopathies (HbC and HbS) were all associated with any, moderate or severe anaemia.
Conclusion:
Interlinkages between infection, hemoglobinopathies and nutritional deficiencies complicate the aetiology of anaemia in the WCA region. Without renewed efforts to integrate activities and align various sectors in the prevention of anaemia, progress is likely to remain elusive.
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-08545cb9096d46b3bf7ea6770c023c92 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1368-9800 1475-2727 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Cambridge University Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Public Health Nutrition |
| spelling | doaj-art-08545cb9096d46b3bf7ea6770c023c922025-01-16T21:49:51ZengCambridge University PressPublic Health Nutrition1368-98001475-27272025-01-012810.1017/S1368980024002222Subnational mapping of anaemia and aetiologic factors in the West and Central African regionKaleab Baye0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7298-1096Bayuh Asmamaw Hailu1Simeon Nanama2John Ntambi3Arnaud Laillou4https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2315-223XCenter for Food Science and Nutrition, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa 1176, Ethiopia Research Center for Inclusive Development in Africa, Addis Ababa, EthiopiaMonitoring and Evaluation, Wollo University, Dessie, EthiopiaNutrition Section, UNICEF West and Central Africa Region, Dakar, SenegalNutrition Section, UNICEF West and Central Africa Region, Dakar, SenegalNutrition Section, UNICEF West and Central Africa Region, Dakar, Senegal Abstract Objectives: Despite bold commitments to reduce anaemia, little change in prevalence was observed over the past decade. We aimed to generate subnational maps of anaemia among women of reproductive age (WRA), malaria transmission and hemoglobinopathies to identify priority areas but also explore their geographical overlap. Design: Using the most recent Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS), we first mapped anaemia clusters across sub-Saharan Africa and identified the West and Central Africa (WCA) as a major cluster. Geographic clusters with high anaemia and related aetiologic factors were identified using spatial statistics. Multilevel regression models were run to identify factors associated with any, moderate and severe anaemia. Settings: West and Central African countries (n 17). Participants: WRA (n 112 024) residing in seventeen WCA countries. Results: There was a significant overlap in geographical clusters of anaemia, malaria and hemoglobinopathies, particularly in the coastal areas of the WCA region. Low birth interval (0·86 (0·77, 0·97)), number of childbirth (1·12 (1·02, 1·23)) and being in the 15–19 age range (1·47 (1·09, 1·98)) were associated with increased odds of any anaemia. Unimproved toilet facility and open defecation were associated with any anaemia, whereas the use of unclean cooking fuel was associated with moderate/severe anaemia (P < 0·05). Access to healthcare facility, living in malaria-prone areas and hemoglobinopathies (HbC and HbS) were all associated with any, moderate or severe anaemia. Conclusion: Interlinkages between infection, hemoglobinopathies and nutritional deficiencies complicate the aetiology of anaemia in the WCA region. Without renewed efforts to integrate activities and align various sectors in the prevention of anaemia, progress is likely to remain elusive. https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S1368980024002222/type/journal_articleAnemiaEtiologyWomenHemoglobinopathyInfectionMalaria |
| spellingShingle | Kaleab Baye Bayuh Asmamaw Hailu Simeon Nanama John Ntambi Arnaud Laillou Subnational mapping of anaemia and aetiologic factors in the West and Central African region Public Health Nutrition Anemia Etiology Women Hemoglobinopathy Infection Malaria |
| title | Subnational mapping of anaemia and aetiologic factors in the West and Central African region |
| title_full | Subnational mapping of anaemia and aetiologic factors in the West and Central African region |
| title_fullStr | Subnational mapping of anaemia and aetiologic factors in the West and Central African region |
| title_full_unstemmed | Subnational mapping of anaemia and aetiologic factors in the West and Central African region |
| title_short | Subnational mapping of anaemia and aetiologic factors in the West and Central African region |
| title_sort | subnational mapping of anaemia and aetiologic factors in the west and central african region |
| topic | Anemia Etiology Women Hemoglobinopathy Infection Malaria |
| url | https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S1368980024002222/type/journal_article |
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