Ecological Aspects of the Formation of Regraded Solonchak in the Terek-Kuma Lowland of the Caspian

Aim. To reveal the basic patterns and principles of formation on the surface of crusty solonchak of an aeolian-accumulative horizon and its positive transformation at the taxonomic level.Material and Methods. On the surface of crusty solonchak there is formed a layer of silt-sand fractions with seed...

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Main Authors: G. N. Gasanov, Z. M. Asadulaev, T. A. Asvarova, Z. U. Gasanova, K. M. Gadzhiev, R. R. Bashirov, A. S. Abdulaeva, Z. N. Akhmedova, M. R. Musaev, N. R. Magomedov, A. А. Aytemirov, S. L. Desinov
Format: Article
Language:Russian
Published: Kamerton 2020-01-01
Series:Юг России: экология, развитие
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Online Access:https://ecodag.elpub.ru/ugro/article/view/1782
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author G. N. Gasanov
Z. M. Asadulaev
T. A. Asvarova
Z. U. Gasanova
K. M. Gadzhiev
R. R. Bashirov
A. S. Abdulaeva
Z. N. Akhmedova
M. R. Musaev
N. R. Magomedov
A. А. Aytemirov
S. L. Desinov
author_facet G. N. Gasanov
Z. M. Asadulaev
T. A. Asvarova
Z. U. Gasanova
K. M. Gadzhiev
R. R. Bashirov
A. S. Abdulaeva
Z. N. Akhmedova
M. R. Musaev
N. R. Magomedov
A. А. Aytemirov
S. L. Desinov
author_sort G. N. Gasanov
collection DOAJ
description Aim. To reveal the basic patterns and principles of formation on the surface of crusty solonchak of an aeolian-accumulative horizon and its positive transformation at the taxonomic level.Material and Methods. On the surface of crusty solonchak there is formed a layer of silt-sand fractions with seeds of wild phytocenoses which move/перемещаюихся over the surface of the soil under the influence of atmospheric processes with the utilization of woody material protruding above the soil surface to 0.2 m. Analyses, surveys and observations were carried out of the key parts (for investigation - under the aeolian layer) of the crusty solonchak transformed through the dynamics of humidity, lowering of soil moisture (SC), granulometric composition, chemistry and level of soil salinity, as well as determination of the species composition of the phytocenoses and the accumulation of phytomass by plants.Results. The possibility was revealed of a positive transformation within eight years of a layer of silt-sand fractions with seeds of wild phytocenoses in the Wael humus horizon with a capacity of 5 cm ± 0.8 cm and containing 1.26% of humus. The type of salinization remains sulphate-chloride but the level of salinization decreases from very strong in the 0-5 layer to weak one in the 6-15 cm layer - on average. The profile of the crusty solonchak Скк [AJk - AJ,s - BCA,s - Cca,s] is changed to that of regraded solonchak Ckw [Wael - AJ,s - BCA,s - Cca,s]. The granulometric composition of the soil is improved and a productive phytocenosis is formed.Conclusion. The positive transformation of crusty solonchak to regraded contributes to the reduction of soil deflation and of aerial contamination by dust particle fractions, the lowering of carbon emissions from the soil and of the natural greenhouse effect, the increase of the utilization coefficient of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and the prevention of excessive overheating of the soil and atmosphere.
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series Юг России: экология, развитие
spelling doaj-art-072bf22e8d3749c9b6b39a7d76468d9f2025-08-20T03:56:32ZrusKamertonЮг России: экология, развитие1992-10982413-09582020-01-01144869710.18470/1992-1098-2019-4-86-971081Ecological Aspects of the Formation of Regraded Solonchak in the Terek-Kuma Lowland of the CaspianG. N. Gasanov0Z. M. Asadulaev1T. A. Asvarova2Z. U. Gasanova3K. M. Gadzhiev4R. R. Bashirov5A. S. Abdulaeva6Z. N. Akhmedova7M. R. Musaev8N. R. Magomedov9A. А. Aytemirov10S. L. Desinov11Caspian Institute of Biological Resources, Dagestan Federal Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences; Dagestan State University; M.M. Dzhambulatov Dagestan Agrarian UniversityDagestan State University; Mountain Botanical Garden, Dagestan Federal Research Centre, Russian Academy of SciencesCaspian Institute of Biological Resources, Dagestan Federal Research Centre, Russian Academy of SciencesCaspian Institute of Biological Resources, Dagestan Federal Research Centre, Russian Academy of SciencesCaspian Institute of Biological Resources, Dagestan Federal Research Centre, Russian Academy of SciencesCaspian Institute of Biological Resources, Dagestan Federal Research Centre, Russian Academy of SciencesCaspian Institute of Biological Resources, Dagestan Federal Research Centre, Russian Academy of SciencesCaspian Institute of Biological Resources, Dagestan Federal Research Centre, Russian Academy of SciencesM.M. Dzhambulatov Dagestan Agrarian UniversityFederal Agricultural Research Centre of the Republic of DagestanDagestan State University; Federal Agricultural Research Centre of the Republic of DagestanInstitute of Geography, Russian Academy of SciencesAim. To reveal the basic patterns and principles of formation on the surface of crusty solonchak of an aeolian-accumulative horizon and its positive transformation at the taxonomic level.Material and Methods. On the surface of crusty solonchak there is formed a layer of silt-sand fractions with seeds of wild phytocenoses which move/перемещаюихся over the surface of the soil under the influence of atmospheric processes with the utilization of woody material protruding above the soil surface to 0.2 m. Analyses, surveys and observations were carried out of the key parts (for investigation - under the aeolian layer) of the crusty solonchak transformed through the dynamics of humidity, lowering of soil moisture (SC), granulometric composition, chemistry and level of soil salinity, as well as determination of the species composition of the phytocenoses and the accumulation of phytomass by plants.Results. The possibility was revealed of a positive transformation within eight years of a layer of silt-sand fractions with seeds of wild phytocenoses in the Wael humus horizon with a capacity of 5 cm ± 0.8 cm and containing 1.26% of humus. The type of salinization remains sulphate-chloride but the level of salinization decreases from very strong in the 0-5 layer to weak one in the 6-15 cm layer - on average. The profile of the crusty solonchak Скк [AJk - AJ,s - BCA,s - Cca,s] is changed to that of regraded solonchak Ckw [Wael - AJ,s - BCA,s - Cca,s]. The granulometric composition of the soil is improved and a productive phytocenosis is formed.Conclusion. The positive transformation of crusty solonchak to regraded contributes to the reduction of soil deflation and of aerial contamination by dust particle fractions, the lowering of carbon emissions from the soil and of the natural greenhouse effect, the increase of the utilization coefficient of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and the prevention of excessive overheating of the soil and atmosphere.https://ecodag.elpub.ru/ugro/article/view/1782terek-kuma lowlandcrusty solonchakregraded solonchaksoil moisturesaltforming ionsparticle size distributiondeflationparcarbon emission
spellingShingle G. N. Gasanov
Z. M. Asadulaev
T. A. Asvarova
Z. U. Gasanova
K. M. Gadzhiev
R. R. Bashirov
A. S. Abdulaeva
Z. N. Akhmedova
M. R. Musaev
N. R. Magomedov
A. А. Aytemirov
S. L. Desinov
Ecological Aspects of the Formation of Regraded Solonchak in the Terek-Kuma Lowland of the Caspian
Юг России: экология, развитие
terek-kuma lowland
crusty solonchak
regraded solonchak
soil moisture
saltforming ions
particle size distribution
deflation
par
carbon emission
title Ecological Aspects of the Formation of Regraded Solonchak in the Terek-Kuma Lowland of the Caspian
title_full Ecological Aspects of the Formation of Regraded Solonchak in the Terek-Kuma Lowland of the Caspian
title_fullStr Ecological Aspects of the Formation of Regraded Solonchak in the Terek-Kuma Lowland of the Caspian
title_full_unstemmed Ecological Aspects of the Formation of Regraded Solonchak in the Terek-Kuma Lowland of the Caspian
title_short Ecological Aspects of the Formation of Regraded Solonchak in the Terek-Kuma Lowland of the Caspian
title_sort ecological aspects of the formation of regraded solonchak in the terek kuma lowland of the caspian
topic terek-kuma lowland
crusty solonchak
regraded solonchak
soil moisture
saltforming ions
particle size distribution
deflation
par
carbon emission
url https://ecodag.elpub.ru/ugro/article/view/1782
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