La-supported SnO2–CaO composite catalysts for efficient malachite green degradation under UV–vis light

Abstract This study presents the development and optimization of La@SnO2–CaO composite catalysts for efficient photocatalytic degradation of malachite green dye in aqueous solutions under UV–vis light irradiation. The catalysts were prepared via conventional incipient-wetness impregnation and thorou...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Nastaran Parsafard, Ghazaleh Aghajari
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2024-11-01
Series:BMC Chemistry
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s13065-024-01332-x
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1846172290816933888
author Nastaran Parsafard
Ghazaleh Aghajari
author_facet Nastaran Parsafard
Ghazaleh Aghajari
author_sort Nastaran Parsafard
collection DOAJ
description Abstract This study presents the development and optimization of La@SnO2–CaO composite catalysts for efficient photocatalytic degradation of malachite green dye in aqueous solutions under UV–vis light irradiation. The catalysts were prepared via conventional incipient-wetness impregnation and thoroughly characterized using advanced analytical techniques, including X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, N2 adsorption–desorption analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. To optimize photodegradation efficiency, the effects of three independent factors were systematically investigated using response surface methodology: Temperature, pH, and Sn/Ca molar ratio. Our results reveal optimal conditions for maximum dye degradation: pH 7, Sn/Ca molar ratio of 0.33, and a process time of 35 min, resulting in a maximum photodegradation efficiency of 98.80% for malachite green dye. Notably, visible light exhibited a more pronounced effect on dye degradation compared to UV light over time, with visible light achieving 25% greater dye removal after 60 min of illumination. Furthermore, the catalyst showed excellent recyclability, retaining 85% of its initial activity after five consecutive cycles. These findings contribute significantly to the development of sustainable methods for dye removal from wastewater and highlight the potential of La@SnO2–CaO composite catalysts in environmental remediation processes, particularly in treating textile industry effluents.
format Article
id doaj-art-06a266cb4acf4924b40f47cc96979f3c
institution Kabale University
issn 2661-801X
language English
publishDate 2024-11-01
publisher BMC
record_format Article
series BMC Chemistry
spelling doaj-art-06a266cb4acf4924b40f47cc96979f3c2024-11-10T12:05:12ZengBMCBMC Chemistry2661-801X2024-11-0118111010.1186/s13065-024-01332-xLa-supported SnO2–CaO composite catalysts for efficient malachite green degradation under UV–vis lightNastaran Parsafard0Ghazaleh Aghajari1Department of Applied Chemistry, Kosar University of BojnordDepartment of Applied Chemistry, Kosar University of BojnordAbstract This study presents the development and optimization of La@SnO2–CaO composite catalysts for efficient photocatalytic degradation of malachite green dye in aqueous solutions under UV–vis light irradiation. The catalysts were prepared via conventional incipient-wetness impregnation and thoroughly characterized using advanced analytical techniques, including X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, N2 adsorption–desorption analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. To optimize photodegradation efficiency, the effects of three independent factors were systematically investigated using response surface methodology: Temperature, pH, and Sn/Ca molar ratio. Our results reveal optimal conditions for maximum dye degradation: pH 7, Sn/Ca molar ratio of 0.33, and a process time of 35 min, resulting in a maximum photodegradation efficiency of 98.80% for malachite green dye. Notably, visible light exhibited a more pronounced effect on dye degradation compared to UV light over time, with visible light achieving 25% greater dye removal after 60 min of illumination. Furthermore, the catalyst showed excellent recyclability, retaining 85% of its initial activity after five consecutive cycles. These findings contribute significantly to the development of sustainable methods for dye removal from wastewater and highlight the potential of La@SnO2–CaO composite catalysts in environmental remediation processes, particularly in treating textile industry effluents.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13065-024-01332-xMalachite greenIncipient-wetness impregnation methodPhoto degradationUV–vis lightResponse surface methodology
spellingShingle Nastaran Parsafard
Ghazaleh Aghajari
La-supported SnO2–CaO composite catalysts for efficient malachite green degradation under UV–vis light
BMC Chemistry
Malachite green
Incipient-wetness impregnation method
Photo degradation
UV–vis light
Response surface methodology
title La-supported SnO2–CaO composite catalysts for efficient malachite green degradation under UV–vis light
title_full La-supported SnO2–CaO composite catalysts for efficient malachite green degradation under UV–vis light
title_fullStr La-supported SnO2–CaO composite catalysts for efficient malachite green degradation under UV–vis light
title_full_unstemmed La-supported SnO2–CaO composite catalysts for efficient malachite green degradation under UV–vis light
title_short La-supported SnO2–CaO composite catalysts for efficient malachite green degradation under UV–vis light
title_sort la supported sno2 cao composite catalysts for efficient malachite green degradation under uv vis light
topic Malachite green
Incipient-wetness impregnation method
Photo degradation
UV–vis light
Response surface methodology
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s13065-024-01332-x
work_keys_str_mv AT nastaranparsafard lasupportedsno2caocompositecatalystsforefficientmalachitegreendegradationunderuvvislight
AT ghazalehaghajari lasupportedsno2caocompositecatalystsforefficientmalachitegreendegradationunderuvvislight