La-supported SnO2–CaO composite catalysts for efficient malachite green degradation under UV–vis light
Abstract This study presents the development and optimization of La@SnO2–CaO composite catalysts for efficient photocatalytic degradation of malachite green dye in aqueous solutions under UV–vis light irradiation. The catalysts were prepared via conventional incipient-wetness impregnation and thorou...
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2024-11-01
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| Series: | BMC Chemistry |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13065-024-01332-x |
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| author | Nastaran Parsafard Ghazaleh Aghajari |
| author_facet | Nastaran Parsafard Ghazaleh Aghajari |
| author_sort | Nastaran Parsafard |
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| description | Abstract This study presents the development and optimization of La@SnO2–CaO composite catalysts for efficient photocatalytic degradation of malachite green dye in aqueous solutions under UV–vis light irradiation. The catalysts were prepared via conventional incipient-wetness impregnation and thoroughly characterized using advanced analytical techniques, including X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, N2 adsorption–desorption analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. To optimize photodegradation efficiency, the effects of three independent factors were systematically investigated using response surface methodology: Temperature, pH, and Sn/Ca molar ratio. Our results reveal optimal conditions for maximum dye degradation: pH 7, Sn/Ca molar ratio of 0.33, and a process time of 35 min, resulting in a maximum photodegradation efficiency of 98.80% for malachite green dye. Notably, visible light exhibited a more pronounced effect on dye degradation compared to UV light over time, with visible light achieving 25% greater dye removal after 60 min of illumination. Furthermore, the catalyst showed excellent recyclability, retaining 85% of its initial activity after five consecutive cycles. These findings contribute significantly to the development of sustainable methods for dye removal from wastewater and highlight the potential of La@SnO2–CaO composite catalysts in environmental remediation processes, particularly in treating textile industry effluents. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-06a266cb4acf4924b40f47cc96979f3c |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2661-801X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
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| series | BMC Chemistry |
| spelling | doaj-art-06a266cb4acf4924b40f47cc96979f3c2024-11-10T12:05:12ZengBMCBMC Chemistry2661-801X2024-11-0118111010.1186/s13065-024-01332-xLa-supported SnO2–CaO composite catalysts for efficient malachite green degradation under UV–vis lightNastaran Parsafard0Ghazaleh Aghajari1Department of Applied Chemistry, Kosar University of BojnordDepartment of Applied Chemistry, Kosar University of BojnordAbstract This study presents the development and optimization of La@SnO2–CaO composite catalysts for efficient photocatalytic degradation of malachite green dye in aqueous solutions under UV–vis light irradiation. The catalysts were prepared via conventional incipient-wetness impregnation and thoroughly characterized using advanced analytical techniques, including X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, N2 adsorption–desorption analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. To optimize photodegradation efficiency, the effects of three independent factors were systematically investigated using response surface methodology: Temperature, pH, and Sn/Ca molar ratio. Our results reveal optimal conditions for maximum dye degradation: pH 7, Sn/Ca molar ratio of 0.33, and a process time of 35 min, resulting in a maximum photodegradation efficiency of 98.80% for malachite green dye. Notably, visible light exhibited a more pronounced effect on dye degradation compared to UV light over time, with visible light achieving 25% greater dye removal after 60 min of illumination. Furthermore, the catalyst showed excellent recyclability, retaining 85% of its initial activity after five consecutive cycles. These findings contribute significantly to the development of sustainable methods for dye removal from wastewater and highlight the potential of La@SnO2–CaO composite catalysts in environmental remediation processes, particularly in treating textile industry effluents.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13065-024-01332-xMalachite greenIncipient-wetness impregnation methodPhoto degradationUV–vis lightResponse surface methodology |
| spellingShingle | Nastaran Parsafard Ghazaleh Aghajari La-supported SnO2–CaO composite catalysts for efficient malachite green degradation under UV–vis light BMC Chemistry Malachite green Incipient-wetness impregnation method Photo degradation UV–vis light Response surface methodology |
| title | La-supported SnO2–CaO composite catalysts for efficient malachite green degradation under UV–vis light |
| title_full | La-supported SnO2–CaO composite catalysts for efficient malachite green degradation under UV–vis light |
| title_fullStr | La-supported SnO2–CaO composite catalysts for efficient malachite green degradation under UV–vis light |
| title_full_unstemmed | La-supported SnO2–CaO composite catalysts for efficient malachite green degradation under UV–vis light |
| title_short | La-supported SnO2–CaO composite catalysts for efficient malachite green degradation under UV–vis light |
| title_sort | la supported sno2 cao composite catalysts for efficient malachite green degradation under uv vis light |
| topic | Malachite green Incipient-wetness impregnation method Photo degradation UV–vis light Response surface methodology |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13065-024-01332-x |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT nastaranparsafard lasupportedsno2caocompositecatalystsforefficientmalachitegreendegradationunderuvvislight AT ghazalehaghajari lasupportedsno2caocompositecatalystsforefficientmalachitegreendegradationunderuvvislight |