Natural Eutectic Solvent-Based Temperature-Controlled Liquid–Liquid Microextraction and Nano-Liquid Chromatography for the Analysis of Herbal Aqueous Samples
In this work, two novel (-)-menthol-based hydrophobic natural eutectic solvents with vanillin and cinnamic acid were prepared and applied as extraction solvents. In this regard, 12 endocrine disruptors, including phenol, 2,4-dimethylphenol, 2,3,6-trimethylphenol, 4-<i>tert</i>-butylpheno...
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| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Foods |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/14/1/28 |
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| Summary: | In this work, two novel (-)-menthol-based hydrophobic natural eutectic solvents with vanillin and cinnamic acid were prepared and applied as extraction solvents. In this regard, 12 endocrine disruptors, including phenol, 2,4-dimethylphenol, 2,3,6-trimethylphenol, 4-<i>tert</i>-butylphenol, 4-<i>sec</i>-butylphenol, 4-<i>tert</i>-amylphenol, 4-<i>n</i>-hexylphenol, 4-<i>tert</i>-octylphenol, 4-<i>n</i>-heptylphenol, 4-<i>n</i>-octylphenol, and 4-<i>n</i>-nonylphenol and bisphenol A, were studied in a green tea drink. A temperature-controlled liquid–liquid microextraction was used as the extraction method, and nano-liquid chromatography–ultraviolet detection was used as the separation and determination system. Different parameters affecting the compatibility of the non-ionic eutectic solvents with water-polar organic solvent mixtures and chromatographic and detection systems were optimized, including injection/dilution solvent, injection mode, mobile phase composition, and step gradient. With the same purpose, two stationary phases were tested, including XBridge<sup>®</sup> C<sub>18</sub> and a mixed-phase Cogent C<sub>30</sub>-XBridge<sup>®</sup> C<sub>18</sub>. Finally, the greenness and blueness of the methodology were assessed to evaluate the environmental profile and usability of the procedure. |
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| ISSN: | 2304-8158 |