Early biological and psychosocial factors associated with PTSD onset and persistence in youth
Background: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating mental health condition that can develop after experiencing or witnessing a traumatic event. While considerable research has investigated PTSD in adults, little is known about the biological, psychological, and social factors that co...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Taylor & Francis Group
2024-12-01
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| Series: | European Journal of Psychotraumatology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/20008066.2024.2432160 |
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| author | Kimberley C. Williams Nto J. Nto Esmé Jansen van Vuren Farhanah N. Sallie Keneilwe Molebatsi Kayla S. Kroneberg Aqeedah A. Roomaney Muneeb Salie Jacqueline S. Womersley |
| author_facet | Kimberley C. Williams Nto J. Nto Esmé Jansen van Vuren Farhanah N. Sallie Keneilwe Molebatsi Kayla S. Kroneberg Aqeedah A. Roomaney Muneeb Salie Jacqueline S. Womersley |
| author_sort | Kimberley C. Williams |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating mental health condition that can develop after experiencing or witnessing a traumatic event. While considerable research has investigated PTSD in adults, little is known about the biological, psychological, and social factors that contribute to its onset, development, and persistence in youth.Methods: This systematic review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines to identify longitudinal studies examining factors associated with PTSD status and symptom severity in children and adolescents. Literature searches were conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, yielding 24 eligible studies after screening.Results: The included studies identified various biological factors associated with paediatric PTSD, including dysregulation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis, brain structural alterations, and physiological markers such as heart rate. Psychological factors, including depression, trauma appraisals, coping styles, and cognitive deficits predicted PTSD symptom development. Social factors included parental PTSD, family environment, and cultural influences. Many studies highlighted the importance of the interplay between these biological, psychological, and social factors in the manifestation of PTSD in youth.Conclusion: This review synthesises evidence that PTSD development in youth is influenced by a complex array of neurobiological vulnerabilities, psychological processes, and environmental factors. Longitudinal, multi-dimensional studies are needed to further elucidate personalised risk profiles and trajectories, which can inform targeted prevention and intervention strategies for PTSD in youth. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-05440f4977a84a0186a962a42f4b15b7 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2000-8066 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | European Journal of Psychotraumatology |
| spelling | doaj-art-05440f4977a84a0186a962a42f4b15b72024-12-09T09:14:00ZengTaylor & Francis GroupEuropean Journal of Psychotraumatology2000-80662024-12-0115110.1080/20008066.2024.2432160Early biological and psychosocial factors associated with PTSD onset and persistence in youthKimberley C. Williams0Nto J. Nto1Esmé Jansen van Vuren2Farhanah N. Sallie3Keneilwe Molebatsi4Kayla S. Kroneberg5Aqeedah A. Roomaney6Muneeb Salie7Jacqueline S. Womersley8Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South AfricaDepartment of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South AfricaHypertension in Africa Research Team (HART), North-West University, Potchefstroom, South AfricaWits Integrated Molecular Physiology Research Initiative, Wits Health Consortium (PTY) Ltd, School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of The Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South AfricaDepartment of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Botswana, Gaborone, BotswanaWestern Cape Department of Health, False Bay District Hospital, Cape Town, South AfricaDepartment of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South AfricaDepartment of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South AfricaDepartment of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South AfricaBackground: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating mental health condition that can develop after experiencing or witnessing a traumatic event. While considerable research has investigated PTSD in adults, little is known about the biological, psychological, and social factors that contribute to its onset, development, and persistence in youth.Methods: This systematic review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines to identify longitudinal studies examining factors associated with PTSD status and symptom severity in children and adolescents. Literature searches were conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, yielding 24 eligible studies after screening.Results: The included studies identified various biological factors associated with paediatric PTSD, including dysregulation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis, brain structural alterations, and physiological markers such as heart rate. Psychological factors, including depression, trauma appraisals, coping styles, and cognitive deficits predicted PTSD symptom development. Social factors included parental PTSD, family environment, and cultural influences. Many studies highlighted the importance of the interplay between these biological, psychological, and social factors in the manifestation of PTSD in youth.Conclusion: This review synthesises evidence that PTSD development in youth is influenced by a complex array of neurobiological vulnerabilities, psychological processes, and environmental factors. Longitudinal, multi-dimensional studies are needed to further elucidate personalised risk profiles and trajectories, which can inform targeted prevention and intervention strategies for PTSD in youth.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/20008066.2024.2432160PTSDchildrenadolescentsbiological factorspsychological factorssocial factors |
| spellingShingle | Kimberley C. Williams Nto J. Nto Esmé Jansen van Vuren Farhanah N. Sallie Keneilwe Molebatsi Kayla S. Kroneberg Aqeedah A. Roomaney Muneeb Salie Jacqueline S. Womersley Early biological and psychosocial factors associated with PTSD onset and persistence in youth European Journal of Psychotraumatology PTSD children adolescents biological factors psychological factors social factors |
| title | Early biological and psychosocial factors associated with PTSD onset and persistence in youth |
| title_full | Early biological and psychosocial factors associated with PTSD onset and persistence in youth |
| title_fullStr | Early biological and psychosocial factors associated with PTSD onset and persistence in youth |
| title_full_unstemmed | Early biological and psychosocial factors associated with PTSD onset and persistence in youth |
| title_short | Early biological and psychosocial factors associated with PTSD onset and persistence in youth |
| title_sort | early biological and psychosocial factors associated with ptsd onset and persistence in youth |
| topic | PTSD children adolescents biological factors psychological factors social factors |
| url | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/20008066.2024.2432160 |
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