Inflammatory Mechanisms in the Management and Treatment of Retinal Detachment
Retinal detachment (RD) is a serious clinical condition that significantly impacts patients’ quality of life. Its management involves considering several clinical factors that may affect the therapeutic approach. Inflammatory complications can affect visual recovery, long-term outcomes, and prognosi...
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MDPI AG
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Metabolites |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/15/7/442 |
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| author | Pablo Redruello-Guerrero María Gómez-Tomás Tomás Rechi-Sierra Laura Molinero-Sicilia Nadia Galindo-Cabello Ricardo Usategui-Martín Salvador Pastor-Idoate |
| author_facet | Pablo Redruello-Guerrero María Gómez-Tomás Tomás Rechi-Sierra Laura Molinero-Sicilia Nadia Galindo-Cabello Ricardo Usategui-Martín Salvador Pastor-Idoate |
| author_sort | Pablo Redruello-Guerrero |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Retinal detachment (RD) is a serious clinical condition that significantly impacts patients’ quality of life. Its management involves considering several clinical factors that may affect the therapeutic approach. Inflammatory complications can affect visual recovery, long-term outcomes, and prognosis. Understanding the underlying inflammatory mechanisms is key to improving personalized medicine and optimizing therapeutic approaches to management. This review comprehensively searched scientific databases (Medline, Web of Science, and Scopus), considering clinical and experimental studies published between 1999 and 2025. Specific MeSH terms and predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria were used to select the most relevant papers. A total of 140 studies were analyzed. The findings were analyzed qualitatively and illustrated with images from clinical practice. Several studies have demonstrated the critical role of cytokines in retinal inflammation, highlighting their importance in regulating the immune response following RD. In addition, oxidative stress, apoptotic mechanisms, and glia activation, particularly Müller cells and microglia, have been identified as crucial elements in the progression of retinal damage. In this sense, inflammation poses significant clinical challenges that require more effective therapeutic strategies. In conclusion, this review differs from previous literature by emphasizing the translational implications of inflammatory mechanisms in RD and by comparing experimental and clinical data. The management of RD should consider not only surgical aspects, but also modulation of the inflammatory response to improve visual outcomes and prevent long-term complications. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-042a4619b08046dc99a0f1437f6a397d |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2218-1989 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Metabolites |
| spelling | doaj-art-042a4619b08046dc99a0f1437f6a397d2025-08-20T03:58:26ZengMDPI AGMetabolites2218-19892025-07-0115744210.3390/metabo15070442Inflammatory Mechanisms in the Management and Treatment of Retinal DetachmentPablo Redruello-Guerrero0María Gómez-Tomás1Tomás Rechi-Sierra2Laura Molinero-Sicilia3Nadia Galindo-Cabello4Ricardo Usategui-Martín5Salvador Pastor-Idoate6Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, SpainDepartment of Ophthalmology, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, SpainDepartment of Ophthalmology, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, SpainUnit of Excellence Institute of Applied Ophthalmobiology (IOBA), University of Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, SpainUnit of Excellence Institute of Applied Ophthalmobiology (IOBA), University of Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, SpainUnit of Excellence Institute of Applied Ophthalmobiology (IOBA), University of Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, SpainDepartment of Ophthalmology, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, SpainRetinal detachment (RD) is a serious clinical condition that significantly impacts patients’ quality of life. Its management involves considering several clinical factors that may affect the therapeutic approach. Inflammatory complications can affect visual recovery, long-term outcomes, and prognosis. Understanding the underlying inflammatory mechanisms is key to improving personalized medicine and optimizing therapeutic approaches to management. This review comprehensively searched scientific databases (Medline, Web of Science, and Scopus), considering clinical and experimental studies published between 1999 and 2025. Specific MeSH terms and predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria were used to select the most relevant papers. A total of 140 studies were analyzed. The findings were analyzed qualitatively and illustrated with images from clinical practice. Several studies have demonstrated the critical role of cytokines in retinal inflammation, highlighting their importance in regulating the immune response following RD. In addition, oxidative stress, apoptotic mechanisms, and glia activation, particularly Müller cells and microglia, have been identified as crucial elements in the progression of retinal damage. In this sense, inflammation poses significant clinical challenges that require more effective therapeutic strategies. In conclusion, this review differs from previous literature by emphasizing the translational implications of inflammatory mechanisms in RD and by comparing experimental and clinical data. The management of RD should consider not only surgical aspects, but also modulation of the inflammatory response to improve visual outcomes and prevent long-term complications.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/15/7/442retinal detachmentneuroretinal inflammationproliferative vitreoretinopathycystic macular edemaoxidative stressretinal apoptosis |
| spellingShingle | Pablo Redruello-Guerrero María Gómez-Tomás Tomás Rechi-Sierra Laura Molinero-Sicilia Nadia Galindo-Cabello Ricardo Usategui-Martín Salvador Pastor-Idoate Inflammatory Mechanisms in the Management and Treatment of Retinal Detachment Metabolites retinal detachment neuroretinal inflammation proliferative vitreoretinopathy cystic macular edema oxidative stress retinal apoptosis |
| title | Inflammatory Mechanisms in the Management and Treatment of Retinal Detachment |
| title_full | Inflammatory Mechanisms in the Management and Treatment of Retinal Detachment |
| title_fullStr | Inflammatory Mechanisms in the Management and Treatment of Retinal Detachment |
| title_full_unstemmed | Inflammatory Mechanisms in the Management and Treatment of Retinal Detachment |
| title_short | Inflammatory Mechanisms in the Management and Treatment of Retinal Detachment |
| title_sort | inflammatory mechanisms in the management and treatment of retinal detachment |
| topic | retinal detachment neuroretinal inflammation proliferative vitreoretinopathy cystic macular edema oxidative stress retinal apoptosis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/15/7/442 |
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