Prognostic impact of aetiology in adult hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: insights from an intensive care unit experience
Background: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare, life-threatening hyperinflammatory syndrome marked by excessive immune activation. It can be triggered by various factors, including infections, malignancies, and autoimmune diseases, making the diagnosis challenging due to its overlap...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
SMC MEDIA SRL
2024-12-01
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| Series: | European Journal of Case Reports in Internal Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.ejcrim.com/index.php/EJCRIM/article/view/5040 |
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| Summary: | Background: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare, life-threatening hyperinflammatory syndrome marked by excessive immune activation. It can be triggered by various factors, including infections, malignancies, and autoimmune diseases, making the diagnosis challenging due to its overlap with other severe conditions.
Case reports: We discuss two intensive care unit (ICU) cases illustrating the diverse manifestations of HLH and the critical importance of early recognition and treatment. The first case involves natural killer-cell leukaemia, and the second, a suspected viral trigger. Both highlight the necessity of a multidisciplinary approach in diagnosis and management, emphasizing the complexity of HLH in ICU settings.
Conclusions: High mortality rates, particularly in malignancy-associated HLH, underscore the importance of tailored treatment strategies based on the underlying aetiology. |
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| ISSN: | 2284-2594 |