A qualitative interview study exploring the experiences of pain specialists on prescribing opioids for chronic non-cancer pain

Abstract Opioid prescribing for patients with chronic non-cancer pain is common despite issues associated with long-term efficacy, functional improvement, and safety. Pain specialists assess many patients with chronic non-cancer pain, but their experiences of this situation are not well represented...

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Main Authors: Thomas F. Kallman, Emmanuel Bäckryd, Anne Söderlund Schaller
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-08-01
Series:Scientific Reports
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-15113-6
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author Thomas F. Kallman
Emmanuel Bäckryd
Anne Söderlund Schaller
author_facet Thomas F. Kallman
Emmanuel Bäckryd
Anne Söderlund Schaller
author_sort Thomas F. Kallman
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Opioid prescribing for patients with chronic non-cancer pain is common despite issues associated with long-term efficacy, functional improvement, and safety. Pain specialists assess many patients with chronic non-cancer pain, but their experiences of this situation are not well represented in prior qualitative research. The aim of this study was to explore pain specialists’ experiences of prescribing opioids to patients with chronic non-cancer pain. We adhered to the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research guidelines. Pain specialists in Sweden were recruited by purposive and snowball sampling. Participants were digitally interviewed, audio and video were recorded, and interviews translated verbatim. Data was analyzed through manifest inductive content analysis. Twenty pain specialists were interviewed. Qualitative content analysis revealed that the pain specialists’ experiences were represented by two main categories: (1) Navigating the doctor-patient relationship, and (2) Challenges and opportunities when prescribing opioids. The first main category describes the relational demands associated with opioid prescribing and includes communication, conflicts, managing expectations, and the emotional and ethical aspects of prescribing opioids. The second main category describes handling complexity and heterogeneity, organizational aspects, and the doctor’s due diligence when prescribing opioids. Our results offer new insights into pain specialists’ experiences of prescribing opioids for chronic non-cancer pain, offering health care professionals guidance for responsible opioid prescribing. Pain specialists highlight the need for structured pain assessments and identify system-level improvements, such as allocating sufficient time, enabling team-based care, and continued education initiatives, to support safe opioid use in health care.
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spelling doaj-art-038c1f1301b043febf4f69994e8a5d092025-08-20T04:02:46ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-08-0115111110.1038/s41598-025-15113-6A qualitative interview study exploring the experiences of pain specialists on prescribing opioids for chronic non-cancer painThomas F. Kallman0Emmanuel Bäckryd1Anne Söderlund Schaller2Pain and Rehabilitation Center, and Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping UniversityPain and Rehabilitation Center, and Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping UniversityPain and Rehabilitation Center, and Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping UniversityAbstract Opioid prescribing for patients with chronic non-cancer pain is common despite issues associated with long-term efficacy, functional improvement, and safety. Pain specialists assess many patients with chronic non-cancer pain, but their experiences of this situation are not well represented in prior qualitative research. The aim of this study was to explore pain specialists’ experiences of prescribing opioids to patients with chronic non-cancer pain. We adhered to the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research guidelines. Pain specialists in Sweden were recruited by purposive and snowball sampling. Participants were digitally interviewed, audio and video were recorded, and interviews translated verbatim. Data was analyzed through manifest inductive content analysis. Twenty pain specialists were interviewed. Qualitative content analysis revealed that the pain specialists’ experiences were represented by two main categories: (1) Navigating the doctor-patient relationship, and (2) Challenges and opportunities when prescribing opioids. The first main category describes the relational demands associated with opioid prescribing and includes communication, conflicts, managing expectations, and the emotional and ethical aspects of prescribing opioids. The second main category describes handling complexity and heterogeneity, organizational aspects, and the doctor’s due diligence when prescribing opioids. Our results offer new insights into pain specialists’ experiences of prescribing opioids for chronic non-cancer pain, offering health care professionals guidance for responsible opioid prescribing. Pain specialists highlight the need for structured pain assessments and identify system-level improvements, such as allocating sufficient time, enabling team-based care, and continued education initiatives, to support safe opioid use in health care.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-15113-6Chronic painOpioid prescribingQualitative methodologyInterview studySwedenPain physician
spellingShingle Thomas F. Kallman
Emmanuel Bäckryd
Anne Söderlund Schaller
A qualitative interview study exploring the experiences of pain specialists on prescribing opioids for chronic non-cancer pain
Scientific Reports
Chronic pain
Opioid prescribing
Qualitative methodology
Interview study
Sweden
Pain physician
title A qualitative interview study exploring the experiences of pain specialists on prescribing opioids for chronic non-cancer pain
title_full A qualitative interview study exploring the experiences of pain specialists on prescribing opioids for chronic non-cancer pain
title_fullStr A qualitative interview study exploring the experiences of pain specialists on prescribing opioids for chronic non-cancer pain
title_full_unstemmed A qualitative interview study exploring the experiences of pain specialists on prescribing opioids for chronic non-cancer pain
title_short A qualitative interview study exploring the experiences of pain specialists on prescribing opioids for chronic non-cancer pain
title_sort qualitative interview study exploring the experiences of pain specialists on prescribing opioids for chronic non cancer pain
topic Chronic pain
Opioid prescribing
Qualitative methodology
Interview study
Sweden
Pain physician
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-15113-6
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