Eumycetoma: pathogenesis, current treatments, and the search for new drugs

Abstract Eumycetoma is a neglected tropical disease which can be caused by 69 different fungal species. In 2024, eumycetoma was listed as a high priority fungal infection on the fungal priority list of the World Health Organization. Eumycetoma is characterized by chronic subcutaneous swelling, the f...

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Main Authors: Dounia El Yachioui, Tim Baltussen, Wendy W. J. van de Sande
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Springer 2025-08-01
Series:Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-025-13580-5
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author Dounia El Yachioui
Tim Baltussen
Wendy W. J. van de Sande
author_facet Dounia El Yachioui
Tim Baltussen
Wendy W. J. van de Sande
author_sort Dounia El Yachioui
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Eumycetoma is a neglected tropical disease which can be caused by 69 different fungal species. In 2024, eumycetoma was listed as a high priority fungal infection on the fungal priority list of the World Health Organization. Eumycetoma is characterized by chronic subcutaneous swelling, the formation of grains, and progressive tissue destruction. If left untreated, it can lead to severe complications such as bone destruction and permanent disability. Current antifungal treatments, such as itraconazole and terbinafine, are lengthy and often ineffective without surgical intervention. The search for novel treatments is challenging due to limited interest and return of investment. Drug repurposing has emerged as a promising strategy for discovering new effective therapies against eumycetoma. Additionally, the MycetOS initiative focuses on developing novel antifungal compounds that are tested in vitro and in vivo. Key points Pathogenesis involves the formation of grains to protect the fungus New treatments are needed for eumycetoma to reduce recurrence and amputation rates Drug repurposing and MycetOS are key strategies for developing new treatments
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spelling doaj-art-0269d74d4ff044bb9fb4f90b3b7419db2025-08-24T11:13:33ZengSpringerApplied Microbiology and Biotechnology1432-06142025-08-01109111010.1007/s00253-025-13580-5Eumycetoma: pathogenesis, current treatments, and the search for new drugsDounia El Yachioui0Tim Baltussen1Wendy W. J. van de Sande2Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus MCDepartment of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus MCDepartment of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus MCAbstract Eumycetoma is a neglected tropical disease which can be caused by 69 different fungal species. In 2024, eumycetoma was listed as a high priority fungal infection on the fungal priority list of the World Health Organization. Eumycetoma is characterized by chronic subcutaneous swelling, the formation of grains, and progressive tissue destruction. If left untreated, it can lead to severe complications such as bone destruction and permanent disability. Current antifungal treatments, such as itraconazole and terbinafine, are lengthy and often ineffective without surgical intervention. The search for novel treatments is challenging due to limited interest and return of investment. Drug repurposing has emerged as a promising strategy for discovering new effective therapies against eumycetoma. Additionally, the MycetOS initiative focuses on developing novel antifungal compounds that are tested in vitro and in vivo. Key points Pathogenesis involves the formation of grains to protect the fungus New treatments are needed for eumycetoma to reduce recurrence and amputation rates Drug repurposing and MycetOS are key strategies for developing new treatmentshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-025-13580-5MycetomaDrug discoveryFungal infectious diseaseMycetOS
spellingShingle Dounia El Yachioui
Tim Baltussen
Wendy W. J. van de Sande
Eumycetoma: pathogenesis, current treatments, and the search for new drugs
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
Mycetoma
Drug discovery
Fungal infectious disease
MycetOS
title Eumycetoma: pathogenesis, current treatments, and the search for new drugs
title_full Eumycetoma: pathogenesis, current treatments, and the search for new drugs
title_fullStr Eumycetoma: pathogenesis, current treatments, and the search for new drugs
title_full_unstemmed Eumycetoma: pathogenesis, current treatments, and the search for new drugs
title_short Eumycetoma: pathogenesis, current treatments, and the search for new drugs
title_sort eumycetoma pathogenesis current treatments and the search for new drugs
topic Mycetoma
Drug discovery
Fungal infectious disease
MycetOS
url https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-025-13580-5
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