Spatial shifts on a hyperbolic metasurface of graphene grating/topological insulators
Abstract We theoretically study the Goos-Hänchen (GH) and Imbert–Fedorov (IF) shifts of a reflected Gaussian beam from a hyperbolic metasurface composed of graphene grating based on topological insulators (TIs). Perturbations are generated on the surface of TIs by applying a thin magnetic film, resu...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Nature Portfolio
2024-11-01
|
| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-80711-9 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1846147861775908864 |
|---|---|
| author | Na Li Yubo Li Di Yu Haoyuan Song Qiang Zhang Sheng Zhou Shufang Fu Xuanzhang Wang |
| author_facet | Na Li Yubo Li Di Yu Haoyuan Song Qiang Zhang Sheng Zhou Shufang Fu Xuanzhang Wang |
| author_sort | Na Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract We theoretically study the Goos-Hänchen (GH) and Imbert–Fedorov (IF) shifts of a reflected Gaussian beam from a hyperbolic metasurface composed of graphene grating based on topological insulators (TIs). Perturbations are generated on the surface of TIs by applying a thin magnetic film, resulting in a broken time-reversal symmetry. The GH and IF shifts are greatly enhanced as a result of the combined interaction of the graphene grating and the topological magnetoelectric effect (TME). In particular, even with the p-polarized incident beam near Brewster angles, the magnitude of IF shifts is increased by approximately two orders when compared to the case without graphene or a single layer of graphene. A critical frequency is identified when the propagation model in TIs transitions from a surface wave to a bulk wave, which leads to comparatively substantial GH shifts with high reflection. By adjusting the filling ratio, chemical potential and rotation angle of the graphene grating, the shift of GH and IF can be controlled. The dependence of the spatial shifts on the TME and the degree of anisotropy of the TI are also discussed. Our results may provide new possibilities for applications of the TI with the TME. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-01ff1b735ea04b70a1b18a5f364b7743 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-01ff1b735ea04b70a1b18a5f364b77432024-12-01T12:19:45ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222024-11-0114111510.1038/s41598-024-80711-9Spatial shifts on a hyperbolic metasurface of graphene grating/topological insulatorsNa Li0Yubo Li1Di Yu2Haoyuan Song3Qiang Zhang4Sheng Zhou5Shufang Fu6Xuanzhang Wang7Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Harbin Normal UniversityKey Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Harbin Normal UniversityKey Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Harbin Normal UniversityKey Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Harbin Normal UniversityKey Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Harbin Normal UniversityDepartment of Basic Courses, Guangzhou Maritime UniversityKey Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Harbin Normal UniversityKey Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Harbin Normal UniversityAbstract We theoretically study the Goos-Hänchen (GH) and Imbert–Fedorov (IF) shifts of a reflected Gaussian beam from a hyperbolic metasurface composed of graphene grating based on topological insulators (TIs). Perturbations are generated on the surface of TIs by applying a thin magnetic film, resulting in a broken time-reversal symmetry. The GH and IF shifts are greatly enhanced as a result of the combined interaction of the graphene grating and the topological magnetoelectric effect (TME). In particular, even with the p-polarized incident beam near Brewster angles, the magnitude of IF shifts is increased by approximately two orders when compared to the case without graphene or a single layer of graphene. A critical frequency is identified when the propagation model in TIs transitions from a surface wave to a bulk wave, which leads to comparatively substantial GH shifts with high reflection. By adjusting the filling ratio, chemical potential and rotation angle of the graphene grating, the shift of GH and IF can be controlled. The dependence of the spatial shifts on the TME and the degree of anisotropy of the TI are also discussed. Our results may provide new possibilities for applications of the TI with the TME.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-80711-9Spatial shiftsHyperbolic metasurfaceThe topological magnetoelectric effectTopological insulators |
| spellingShingle | Na Li Yubo Li Di Yu Haoyuan Song Qiang Zhang Sheng Zhou Shufang Fu Xuanzhang Wang Spatial shifts on a hyperbolic metasurface of graphene grating/topological insulators Scientific Reports Spatial shifts Hyperbolic metasurface The topological magnetoelectric effect Topological insulators |
| title | Spatial shifts on a hyperbolic metasurface of graphene grating/topological insulators |
| title_full | Spatial shifts on a hyperbolic metasurface of graphene grating/topological insulators |
| title_fullStr | Spatial shifts on a hyperbolic metasurface of graphene grating/topological insulators |
| title_full_unstemmed | Spatial shifts on a hyperbolic metasurface of graphene grating/topological insulators |
| title_short | Spatial shifts on a hyperbolic metasurface of graphene grating/topological insulators |
| title_sort | spatial shifts on a hyperbolic metasurface of graphene grating topological insulators |
| topic | Spatial shifts Hyperbolic metasurface The topological magnetoelectric effect Topological insulators |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-80711-9 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT nali spatialshiftsonahyperbolicmetasurfaceofgraphenegratingtopologicalinsulators AT yuboli spatialshiftsonahyperbolicmetasurfaceofgraphenegratingtopologicalinsulators AT diyu spatialshiftsonahyperbolicmetasurfaceofgraphenegratingtopologicalinsulators AT haoyuansong spatialshiftsonahyperbolicmetasurfaceofgraphenegratingtopologicalinsulators AT qiangzhang spatialshiftsonahyperbolicmetasurfaceofgraphenegratingtopologicalinsulators AT shengzhou spatialshiftsonahyperbolicmetasurfaceofgraphenegratingtopologicalinsulators AT shufangfu spatialshiftsonahyperbolicmetasurfaceofgraphenegratingtopologicalinsulators AT xuanzhangwang spatialshiftsonahyperbolicmetasurfaceofgraphenegratingtopologicalinsulators |