Optimizing Heavy Metal Uptake in <i>Carpobrotus aequilaterus</i> Through Electrokinetic Treatment: A Comprehensive Study on Phytoremediation from Mine Tailings
Copper mining drives economic growth, with the global demand expected to reach 120 million metric tons annually by 2050. However, mining produces tailings containing heavy metals (HMs), which poses environmental risks. This study investigated the efficacy of phytoremediation (Phy) combined with elec...
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MDPI AG
2024-11-01
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| author | Yasna Tapia Osvaldo Salazar Oscar Seguel Jonathan Suazo-Hernández Diego Urdiales-Flores Humberto Aponte Cristian Urdiales |
| author_facet | Yasna Tapia Osvaldo Salazar Oscar Seguel Jonathan Suazo-Hernández Diego Urdiales-Flores Humberto Aponte Cristian Urdiales |
| author_sort | Yasna Tapia |
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| description | Copper mining drives economic growth, with the global demand expected to reach 120 million metric tons annually by 2050. However, mining produces tailings containing heavy metals (HMs), which poses environmental risks. This study investigated the efficacy of phytoremediation (Phy) combined with electrokinetic treatment (EKT) to increase metal uptake in <i>Carpobrotus aequilaterus</i> grown in tailings from the Metropolitan Region of Chile. The plants were exposed to varying voltages and treatment durations. In the control (no EKT), the root metal contents were Fe (1008.41 mg/kg) > Cu (176.38 mg/kg) > Mn (103.73 mg/kg) > Zn (30.26 mg/kg), whereas in the shoots, the order was Mn (48.69 mg/kg) > Cu (21.14 mg/kg) > Zn (17.67 mg/kg) > Fe (27.32 mg/kg). The optimal EKT (15 V for 8 h) significantly increased metal uptake, with roots accumulating Fe (5997.24 mg kg<sup>−1</sup>) > Mn (672 mg kg<sup>−1</sup>) > Cu (547.68 mg kg<sup>−1</sup>) > Zn (90.99 mg kg<sup>−1</sup>), whereas shoots contained Fe (1717.95 mg kg<sup>−1</sup>) > Mn (930 mg kg<sup>−1</sup>) > Cu (219.47 mg kg<sup>−1</sup>) > Zn (58.48 mg kg<sup>−1</sup>). Although EKT enhanced plant growth and biomass, higher voltages stressed the plants. Longer treatments were more effective, suggesting that EK–Phy is a promising method for remediating metal-contaminated tailings. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2305-6304 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
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| series | Toxics |
| spelling | doaj-art-01668bcb50b34c2baa60eb9114807edc2024-12-27T14:56:37ZengMDPI AGToxics2305-63042024-11-01121286010.3390/toxics12120860Optimizing Heavy Metal Uptake in <i>Carpobrotus aequilaterus</i> Through Electrokinetic Treatment: A Comprehensive Study on Phytoremediation from Mine TailingsYasna Tapia0Osvaldo Salazar1Oscar Seguel2Jonathan Suazo-Hernández3Diego Urdiales-Flores4Humberto Aponte5Cristian Urdiales6Departamento de Ingeniería y Suelos, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 11315, ChileDepartamento de Ingeniería y Suelos, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 11315, ChileDepartamento de Ingeniería y Suelos, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 11315, ChileCenter of Plant, Soil Interaction and Natural Resources Biotechnology, Scientific and Biotechnological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN-UFRO), Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar, Temuco 01145, ChileInstitute of Earth Surface Dynamics, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, SwitzerlandLaboratory of Soil Microbial Ecology and Biogeochemistry, Institute of Agri-Food, Animal and Environmental Sciences (ICA3), Universidad de O’Higgins, San Fernando 3070000, ChileSede Vallenar, Universidad de Atacama, Av. Costanera #105, Vallenar 1612178, ChileCopper mining drives economic growth, with the global demand expected to reach 120 million metric tons annually by 2050. However, mining produces tailings containing heavy metals (HMs), which poses environmental risks. This study investigated the efficacy of phytoremediation (Phy) combined with electrokinetic treatment (EKT) to increase metal uptake in <i>Carpobrotus aequilaterus</i> grown in tailings from the Metropolitan Region of Chile. The plants were exposed to varying voltages and treatment durations. In the control (no EKT), the root metal contents were Fe (1008.41 mg/kg) > Cu (176.38 mg/kg) > Mn (103.73 mg/kg) > Zn (30.26 mg/kg), whereas in the shoots, the order was Mn (48.69 mg/kg) > Cu (21.14 mg/kg) > Zn (17.67 mg/kg) > Fe (27.32 mg/kg). The optimal EKT (15 V for 8 h) significantly increased metal uptake, with roots accumulating Fe (5997.24 mg kg<sup>−1</sup>) > Mn (672 mg kg<sup>−1</sup>) > Cu (547.68 mg kg<sup>−1</sup>) > Zn (90.99 mg kg<sup>−1</sup>), whereas shoots contained Fe (1717.95 mg kg<sup>−1</sup>) > Mn (930 mg kg<sup>−1</sup>) > Cu (219.47 mg kg<sup>−1</sup>) > Zn (58.48 mg kg<sup>−1</sup>). Although EKT enhanced plant growth and biomass, higher voltages stressed the plants. Longer treatments were more effective, suggesting that EK–Phy is a promising method for remediating metal-contaminated tailings.https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/12/12/860environmental remediationremediation efficiencyelectrochemical treatmenthyperaccumulator plantsMediterranean climate-types |
| spellingShingle | Yasna Tapia Osvaldo Salazar Oscar Seguel Jonathan Suazo-Hernández Diego Urdiales-Flores Humberto Aponte Cristian Urdiales Optimizing Heavy Metal Uptake in <i>Carpobrotus aequilaterus</i> Through Electrokinetic Treatment: A Comprehensive Study on Phytoremediation from Mine Tailings Toxics environmental remediation remediation efficiency electrochemical treatment hyperaccumulator plants Mediterranean climate-types |
| title | Optimizing Heavy Metal Uptake in <i>Carpobrotus aequilaterus</i> Through Electrokinetic Treatment: A Comprehensive Study on Phytoremediation from Mine Tailings |
| title_full | Optimizing Heavy Metal Uptake in <i>Carpobrotus aequilaterus</i> Through Electrokinetic Treatment: A Comprehensive Study on Phytoremediation from Mine Tailings |
| title_fullStr | Optimizing Heavy Metal Uptake in <i>Carpobrotus aequilaterus</i> Through Electrokinetic Treatment: A Comprehensive Study on Phytoremediation from Mine Tailings |
| title_full_unstemmed | Optimizing Heavy Metal Uptake in <i>Carpobrotus aequilaterus</i> Through Electrokinetic Treatment: A Comprehensive Study on Phytoremediation from Mine Tailings |
| title_short | Optimizing Heavy Metal Uptake in <i>Carpobrotus aequilaterus</i> Through Electrokinetic Treatment: A Comprehensive Study on Phytoremediation from Mine Tailings |
| title_sort | optimizing heavy metal uptake in i carpobrotus aequilaterus i through electrokinetic treatment a comprehensive study on phytoremediation from mine tailings |
| topic | environmental remediation remediation efficiency electrochemical treatment hyperaccumulator plants Mediterranean climate-types |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/12/12/860 |
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