Empirically Derived Dietary Patterns in Association with Asthma Symptoms in Children and Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study

Limited data exists regarding the association between dietary patterns and asthma. This study aims to determine the relationship between empirically derived dietary patterns and the likelihood of asthma among a large population of children and adolescents living in central Iran. Methods: A total of...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Samaneh Pishdad, Bahareh Sasanfar, Zahra Nafei, Mehran Karimi, Nasrin Behniafard, Amin Salehi Abarguoei
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services 2024-11-01
Series:Journal of Nutrition and Food Security
Subjects:
Online Access:http://jnfs.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-767-en.pdf
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1846172781369098240
author Samaneh Pishdad
Bahareh Sasanfar
Zahra Nafei
Mehran Karimi
Nasrin Behniafard
Amin Salehi Abarguoei
author_facet Samaneh Pishdad
Bahareh Sasanfar
Zahra Nafei
Mehran Karimi
Nasrin Behniafard
Amin Salehi Abarguoei
author_sort Samaneh Pishdad
collection DOAJ
description Limited data exists regarding the association between dietary patterns and asthma. This study aims to determine the relationship between empirically derived dietary patterns and the likelihood of asthma among a large population of children and adolescents living in central Iran. Methods: A total of 7667 of male and female students aged 6-14 from 48 public and private schools in YAZD urban areas entered the current cross-sectional study. Data on dietary intakes, as well as asthma symptoms and other possible confounders, were collected using a self-administered questionnaire filled by parents. Factor analysis was applied to find major dietary patterns. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for asthma development across quintiles of dietary patterns. Results: Two main dietary patterns were established. A “traditional diet” was determined by meat, fish, fruits, cooked vegetable, raw vegetable, legumes, cereals, bread, macaroni, rice, margarine, butter, olive oil, milk, yogurt, egg, nuts, potato, and a “western-like diet” was characterized by high intakes of simple sugars, fast food(hamburger), fast food (pizza), soft drinks, jelly, chocolate and biscuits of cocoa, ice cream, and sauce. After adjusting for potential confounders, individuals in the top quintile of traditional diet were 0.31 times less likely to have asthma than those in the lowest quintile (OR=0.69; 95% CI: 0.47-1.00). Moreover, individuals in the top quintile of traditional diet were 0.43 times less likely to have wheezing compared with those in the lowest quintile (OR=0.57, 95% CI: 0.46-0.70). However, individuals in the top quintile of the western diet were 0.35 times more likely to have wheezing than those in the lowest quintile (OR=1.35, 95% CI: 1.10-1.66). Conclusions: According to the results, a traditional diet might be associated with lower odds of asthma; however, a western-like diet might be adversely associated with asthma symptoms.
format Article
id doaj-art-0111d34c030847efa76fc1fabf7fc9ab
institution Kabale University
issn 2476-7417
2476-7425
language English
publishDate 2024-11-01
publisher Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services
record_format Article
series Journal of Nutrition and Food Security
spelling doaj-art-0111d34c030847efa76fc1fabf7fc9ab2024-11-09T05:28:54ZengShahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health ServicesJournal of Nutrition and Food Security2476-74172476-74252024-11-0194643653Empirically Derived Dietary Patterns in Association with Asthma Symptoms in Children and Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional StudySamaneh Pishdad0Bahareh Sasanfar1Zahra Nafei2Mehran Karimi3Nasrin Behniafard4Amin Salehi Abarguoei5 Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran Children Growth Disorder Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran Children Growth Disorder Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran Children Growth Disorder Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran Limited data exists regarding the association between dietary patterns and asthma. This study aims to determine the relationship between empirically derived dietary patterns and the likelihood of asthma among a large population of children and adolescents living in central Iran. Methods: A total of 7667 of male and female students aged 6-14 from 48 public and private schools in YAZD urban areas entered the current cross-sectional study. Data on dietary intakes, as well as asthma symptoms and other possible confounders, were collected using a self-administered questionnaire filled by parents. Factor analysis was applied to find major dietary patterns. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for asthma development across quintiles of dietary patterns. Results: Two main dietary patterns were established. A “traditional diet” was determined by meat, fish, fruits, cooked vegetable, raw vegetable, legumes, cereals, bread, macaroni, rice, margarine, butter, olive oil, milk, yogurt, egg, nuts, potato, and a “western-like diet” was characterized by high intakes of simple sugars, fast food(hamburger), fast food (pizza), soft drinks, jelly, chocolate and biscuits of cocoa, ice cream, and sauce. After adjusting for potential confounders, individuals in the top quintile of traditional diet were 0.31 times less likely to have asthma than those in the lowest quintile (OR=0.69; 95% CI: 0.47-1.00). Moreover, individuals in the top quintile of traditional diet were 0.43 times less likely to have wheezing compared with those in the lowest quintile (OR=0.57, 95% CI: 0.46-0.70). However, individuals in the top quintile of the western diet were 0.35 times more likely to have wheezing than those in the lowest quintile (OR=1.35, 95% CI: 1.10-1.66). Conclusions: According to the results, a traditional diet might be associated with lower odds of asthma; however, a western-like diet might be adversely associated with asthma symptoms.http://jnfs.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-767-en.pdfasthmalung diseasesrespiration disordersapneadiet therapy
spellingShingle Samaneh Pishdad
Bahareh Sasanfar
Zahra Nafei
Mehran Karimi
Nasrin Behniafard
Amin Salehi Abarguoei
Empirically Derived Dietary Patterns in Association with Asthma Symptoms in Children and Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study
Journal of Nutrition and Food Security
asthma
lung diseases
respiration disorders
apnea
diet therapy
title Empirically Derived Dietary Patterns in Association with Asthma Symptoms in Children and Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study
title_full Empirically Derived Dietary Patterns in Association with Asthma Symptoms in Children and Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study
title_fullStr Empirically Derived Dietary Patterns in Association with Asthma Symptoms in Children and Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study
title_full_unstemmed Empirically Derived Dietary Patterns in Association with Asthma Symptoms in Children and Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study
title_short Empirically Derived Dietary Patterns in Association with Asthma Symptoms in Children and Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study
title_sort empirically derived dietary patterns in association with asthma symptoms in children and adolescents a cross sectional study
topic asthma
lung diseases
respiration disorders
apnea
diet therapy
url http://jnfs.ssu.ac.ir/article-1-767-en.pdf
work_keys_str_mv AT samanehpishdad empiricallyderiveddietarypatternsinassociationwithasthmasymptomsinchildrenandadolescentsacrosssectionalstudy
AT baharehsasanfar empiricallyderiveddietarypatternsinassociationwithasthmasymptomsinchildrenandadolescentsacrosssectionalstudy
AT zahranafei empiricallyderiveddietarypatternsinassociationwithasthmasymptomsinchildrenandadolescentsacrosssectionalstudy
AT mehrankarimi empiricallyderiveddietarypatternsinassociationwithasthmasymptomsinchildrenandadolescentsacrosssectionalstudy
AT nasrinbehniafard empiricallyderiveddietarypatternsinassociationwithasthmasymptomsinchildrenandadolescentsacrosssectionalstudy
AT aminsalehiabarguoei empiricallyderiveddietarypatternsinassociationwithasthmasymptomsinchildrenandadolescentsacrosssectionalstudy