Steatotic liver disease in people with HIV at Tshepong Hospital: A post-mortem analysis
Background: Liver disease is the leading cause of non-AIDS-related mortality in people living with HIV (PLWH). Steatotic liver disease (SLD) is increasingly recognised as an important aetiological factor in liver dysfunction in PLWH. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the post-mortem prevale...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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AOSIS
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Southern African Journal of HIV Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://sajhivmed.org.za/index.php/hivmed/article/view/1638 |
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| author | Aqeela Moosa Ebrahim Variava Alistair D. Calver Gajendra Chita Nadia Sabet Sharol Ngwenya Maria Papathanasopoulos Tanvier Omar |
| author_facet | Aqeela Moosa Ebrahim Variava Alistair D. Calver Gajendra Chita Nadia Sabet Sharol Ngwenya Maria Papathanasopoulos Tanvier Omar |
| author_sort | Aqeela Moosa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Liver disease is the leading cause of non-AIDS-related mortality in people living with HIV (PLWH). Steatotic liver disease (SLD) is increasingly recognised as an important aetiological factor in liver dysfunction in PLWH.
Objectives: This study aimed to determine the post-mortem prevalence and severity of SLD and determine HIV- and non-HIV-related risk factors associated with it.
Method: We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study in which liver histology from 59 deceased people who were infected with HIV was assessed for steatosis, and findings correlated with clinical, epidemiological, and biochemical data.
Results: Decedents were predominantly men (33/59); 63% (37/59) were virologically supressed. Median CD4+ T-cell count was 139 cells/µL (interquartile range [IQR]: 47–344). Steatosis was present in 39% (23/59) of decedents: 74% mild, 9% moderate, and 17% severe steatosis. There were no cases of steatohepatitis, and one case with mild fibrosis. Factors associated with SLD were: CD4 T-lymphocyte count 200 cells/µL (odds ratio [OR]: 3.69; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.19–11.44), female sex (OR: 8.5; 95% CI: 2.57–28.17), hypertension (OR: 6.5; 95% CI: 2.05–21.00), and being normal or overweight (OR: 6.75; 95% CI: 1.12–40.56). Virological suppression and duration of antiretroviral drug use were not associated with steatosis.
Conclusion: We found a high proportion of SLD with heterogeneous causes in deceased people who were infected with HIV, exceeding previously reported prevalences from elsewhere in Africa. A preserved CD4 count and being female conferred the highest risk for steatosis, underscoring the need for screening in this subgroup and further research to delineate risks in a Southern African population. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-00b623c1e5b14dabb66852b254ec94f8 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1608-9693 2078-6751 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | AOSIS |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Southern African Journal of HIV Medicine |
| spelling | doaj-art-00b623c1e5b14dabb66852b254ec94f82025-01-14T12:14:04ZengAOSISSouthern African Journal of HIV Medicine1608-96932078-67512024-12-01251e1e710.4102/sajhivmed.v25i1.1638882Steatotic liver disease in people with HIV at Tshepong Hospital: A post-mortem analysisAqeela Moosa0Ebrahim Variava1Alistair D. Calver2Gajendra Chita3Nadia Sabet4Sharol Ngwenya5Maria Papathanasopoulos6Tanvier Omar7Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, KlerksdorpDepartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Klerksdorp, South Africa; and Perinatal HIV Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, JohannesburgDepartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, KlerksdorpDepartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, KlerksdorpDepartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, KlerksdorpDepartment of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, JohannesburgHIV Pathogenesis Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; and Infectious Diseases and Oncology Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, JohannesburgDepartment of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; and Infectious Diseases and Oncology Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, JohannesburgBackground: Liver disease is the leading cause of non-AIDS-related mortality in people living with HIV (PLWH). Steatotic liver disease (SLD) is increasingly recognised as an important aetiological factor in liver dysfunction in PLWH. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the post-mortem prevalence and severity of SLD and determine HIV- and non-HIV-related risk factors associated with it. Method: We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study in which liver histology from 59 deceased people who were infected with HIV was assessed for steatosis, and findings correlated with clinical, epidemiological, and biochemical data. Results: Decedents were predominantly men (33/59); 63% (37/59) were virologically supressed. Median CD4+ T-cell count was 139 cells/µL (interquartile range [IQR]: 47–344). Steatosis was present in 39% (23/59) of decedents: 74% mild, 9% moderate, and 17% severe steatosis. There were no cases of steatohepatitis, and one case with mild fibrosis. Factors associated with SLD were: CD4 T-lymphocyte count 200 cells/µL (odds ratio [OR]: 3.69; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.19–11.44), female sex (OR: 8.5; 95% CI: 2.57–28.17), hypertension (OR: 6.5; 95% CI: 2.05–21.00), and being normal or overweight (OR: 6.75; 95% CI: 1.12–40.56). Virological suppression and duration of antiretroviral drug use were not associated with steatosis. Conclusion: We found a high proportion of SLD with heterogeneous causes in deceased people who were infected with HIV, exceeding previously reported prevalences from elsewhere in Africa. A preserved CD4 count and being female conferred the highest risk for steatosis, underscoring the need for screening in this subgroup and further research to delineate risks in a Southern African population.https://sajhivmed.org.za/index.php/hivmed/article/view/1638hivsteatotic liver diseasesteatosishistologyobesitymasld |
| spellingShingle | Aqeela Moosa Ebrahim Variava Alistair D. Calver Gajendra Chita Nadia Sabet Sharol Ngwenya Maria Papathanasopoulos Tanvier Omar Steatotic liver disease in people with HIV at Tshepong Hospital: A post-mortem analysis Southern African Journal of HIV Medicine hiv steatotic liver disease steatosis histology obesity masld |
| title | Steatotic liver disease in people with HIV at Tshepong Hospital: A post-mortem analysis |
| title_full | Steatotic liver disease in people with HIV at Tshepong Hospital: A post-mortem analysis |
| title_fullStr | Steatotic liver disease in people with HIV at Tshepong Hospital: A post-mortem analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Steatotic liver disease in people with HIV at Tshepong Hospital: A post-mortem analysis |
| title_short | Steatotic liver disease in people with HIV at Tshepong Hospital: A post-mortem analysis |
| title_sort | steatotic liver disease in people with hiv at tshepong hospital a post mortem analysis |
| topic | hiv steatotic liver disease steatosis histology obesity masld |
| url | https://sajhivmed.org.za/index.php/hivmed/article/view/1638 |
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