Effect of Intensive Blood Pressure Lowering on the Risk of Incident Silent Myocardial Infarction: A Post Hoc Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial

ABSTRACT Background Silent myocardial infarction (SMI) frequently goes undetected, yet it is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The impact of intensive systolic blood pressure (SBP) lowering on the risk of SMI in those with hypertension remains uncertain. Methods In th...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Richard Kazibwe, Muhammad Imtiaz Ahmad, Sanjay Singh, Lin Y. Chen, Elsayed Z. Soliman
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2024-11-01
Series:Annals of Noninvasive Electrocardiology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1111/anec.70018
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1846151439817113600
author Richard Kazibwe
Muhammad Imtiaz Ahmad
Sanjay Singh
Lin Y. Chen
Elsayed Z. Soliman
author_facet Richard Kazibwe
Muhammad Imtiaz Ahmad
Sanjay Singh
Lin Y. Chen
Elsayed Z. Soliman
author_sort Richard Kazibwe
collection DOAJ
description ABSTRACT Background Silent myocardial infarction (SMI) frequently goes undetected, yet it is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The impact of intensive systolic blood pressure (SBP) lowering on the risk of SMI in those with hypertension remains uncertain. Methods In this post hoc analysis of the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT), participants with serial electrocardiograms (ECGs) during the trial were included. SPRINT investigated the benefit of intensive SBP lowering, aiming for < 120 mmHg compared to the standard SBP goal of < 140 mmHg. Incident SMI was defined as evidence of new MI on an ECG without adjudicated recognized myocardial infarction (RMI). Results During a median follow‐up of 3.9 years, a total of 234 MI events (55 SMI and 179 RMI) occurred. Intensive, compared to standard, SBP lowering resulted in a lower rate of SMI (incidence rate 1.1 vs. 2.3 cases per 1000 person‐years, respectively; HR [95% CI]: 0.48 [0.27–0.84]). Similarly, intensive, compared to standard, BP lowering reduced the risk of RMI (incidence rate 4.6 vs. 6.5 cases per 1000 person‐years, respectively; HR [95% CI]: 0.71 [0.52–0.95]). No significant differences were noted between the strength of the association of intensive BP control on lowering the risk of SMI and RMI (p‐value for HR differences = 0.23). Conclusions This study shows that in adults with hypertension, the benefits of intensive SBP lowering, compared with standard BP lowering, go beyond the prevention of RMI to include the prevention of SMI. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01206062.
format Article
id doaj-art-008bd1e43dba4932bcce858485ec1be8
institution Kabale University
issn 1082-720X
1542-474X
language English
publishDate 2024-11-01
publisher Wiley
record_format Article
series Annals of Noninvasive Electrocardiology
spelling doaj-art-008bd1e43dba4932bcce858485ec1be82024-11-27T11:54:36ZengWileyAnnals of Noninvasive Electrocardiology1082-720X1542-474X2024-11-01296n/an/a10.1111/anec.70018Effect of Intensive Blood Pressure Lowering on the Risk of Incident Silent Myocardial Infarction: A Post Hoc Analysis of a Randomized Controlled TrialRichard Kazibwe0Muhammad Imtiaz Ahmad1Sanjay Singh2Lin Y. Chen3Elsayed Z. Soliman4Department of Internal Medicine Wake Forest School of Medicine Winston‐Salem North Carolina USADepartment of Internal Medicine, Section on Hospital Medicine Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee Wisconsin USADepartment of Internal Medicine, Section on Hospital Medicine Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee Wisconsin USALillehei Heart Institute and Cardiovascular Division University of Minnesota Medical School Minneapolis Minnesota USAEpidemiological Cardiology Research Center (EPICARE), Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Section Wake Forest School of Medicine Winston‐Salem North Carolina USAABSTRACT Background Silent myocardial infarction (SMI) frequently goes undetected, yet it is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The impact of intensive systolic blood pressure (SBP) lowering on the risk of SMI in those with hypertension remains uncertain. Methods In this post hoc analysis of the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT), participants with serial electrocardiograms (ECGs) during the trial were included. SPRINT investigated the benefit of intensive SBP lowering, aiming for < 120 mmHg compared to the standard SBP goal of < 140 mmHg. Incident SMI was defined as evidence of new MI on an ECG without adjudicated recognized myocardial infarction (RMI). Results During a median follow‐up of 3.9 years, a total of 234 MI events (55 SMI and 179 RMI) occurred. Intensive, compared to standard, SBP lowering resulted in a lower rate of SMI (incidence rate 1.1 vs. 2.3 cases per 1000 person‐years, respectively; HR [95% CI]: 0.48 [0.27–0.84]). Similarly, intensive, compared to standard, BP lowering reduced the risk of RMI (incidence rate 4.6 vs. 6.5 cases per 1000 person‐years, respectively; HR [95% CI]: 0.71 [0.52–0.95]). No significant differences were noted between the strength of the association of intensive BP control on lowering the risk of SMI and RMI (p‐value for HR differences = 0.23). Conclusions This study shows that in adults with hypertension, the benefits of intensive SBP lowering, compared with standard BP lowering, go beyond the prevention of RMI to include the prevention of SMI. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01206062.https://doi.org/10.1111/anec.70018blood pressure controlsilent myocardial infarctionSPRINT
spellingShingle Richard Kazibwe
Muhammad Imtiaz Ahmad
Sanjay Singh
Lin Y. Chen
Elsayed Z. Soliman
Effect of Intensive Blood Pressure Lowering on the Risk of Incident Silent Myocardial Infarction: A Post Hoc Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial
Annals of Noninvasive Electrocardiology
blood pressure control
silent myocardial infarction
SPRINT
title Effect of Intensive Blood Pressure Lowering on the Risk of Incident Silent Myocardial Infarction: A Post Hoc Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial
title_full Effect of Intensive Blood Pressure Lowering on the Risk of Incident Silent Myocardial Infarction: A Post Hoc Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial
title_fullStr Effect of Intensive Blood Pressure Lowering on the Risk of Incident Silent Myocardial Infarction: A Post Hoc Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial
title_full_unstemmed Effect of Intensive Blood Pressure Lowering on the Risk of Incident Silent Myocardial Infarction: A Post Hoc Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial
title_short Effect of Intensive Blood Pressure Lowering on the Risk of Incident Silent Myocardial Infarction: A Post Hoc Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial
title_sort effect of intensive blood pressure lowering on the risk of incident silent myocardial infarction a post hoc analysis of a randomized controlled trial
topic blood pressure control
silent myocardial infarction
SPRINT
url https://doi.org/10.1111/anec.70018
work_keys_str_mv AT richardkazibwe effectofintensivebloodpressureloweringontheriskofincidentsilentmyocardialinfarctionaposthocanalysisofarandomizedcontrolledtrial
AT muhammadimtiazahmad effectofintensivebloodpressureloweringontheriskofincidentsilentmyocardialinfarctionaposthocanalysisofarandomizedcontrolledtrial
AT sanjaysingh effectofintensivebloodpressureloweringontheriskofincidentsilentmyocardialinfarctionaposthocanalysisofarandomizedcontrolledtrial
AT linychen effectofintensivebloodpressureloweringontheriskofincidentsilentmyocardialinfarctionaposthocanalysisofarandomizedcontrolledtrial
AT elsayedzsoliman effectofintensivebloodpressureloweringontheriskofincidentsilentmyocardialinfarctionaposthocanalysisofarandomizedcontrolledtrial